He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te aerogel uku tino māmā i roto i ngā mara wera, hiko, aukume, hauora, whatu me te matū nā te iti o te kiato me te kawe wera, te horahanga mata motuhake teitei, te porosity teitei me te koretake matū me te wera. Heoi, he pakarukaru te aerogel uku tuku iho, he uaua ki te tukatuka, ā, he ngāwari ki te hinga hanganga i raro i te ahotea nui o waho, ka whakawhāiti i tana whakamahinga i roto i ngā taiao tino kino pēnei i te rererangi me te tiaki whenua. Nō reira, he uaua tonu te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga kume o te aerogel uku mā te hoahoa hanganga.

Nō nā tata nei, i whakamahia e te tīma rangahau o Te Whare Wānanga o Donghua te tikanga hanga tauhohenga-toru-ahu o tētahi momo takai hikohiko me te hanganga nanofibers miro raranga-3-D o te aerogel uku (ICCAs), he tino pai ngā āhuatanga miihini me te pumau wera o te aerogel, he māmā, he tere, he iti te utu mō te hanga papatipu me ngā nanofibers uku āhua matatini e whakarato ana i te tohutoro.

Ko te takahuri hiko tauhohe-toru-ahu e whakahaeretia ana e te tauhohenga sol-gel i roto i te jet. Mā te whakarerekē i te tohu protonation o ngā matūriki colloidal, ka taea te whakahaere i te tere gelation o te jet sol, ā, ka taea te whakahaere tika i te āhua o te jet i roto i ngā mirihekona. I roto i tēnei rangahau, i hurihia te aratau rehu o te pata kōniko ki te aratau rehu-maha mā te tāpiri i te iti o te polymer ki roto i te otinga sol me te kawe hiko teitei me te matotoru iti, i te mea kāore i pāngia te haukū i waenga i ngā matūriki colloidal. Nā te kaha teitei o te mata, ka whakaroahia te jet ki te rere tika angiangi, ka hanga he hanganga miro-toru-ahu. Ka hangaia e ngā matūriki colloidal tino tauhohe he angaanga tino hono me te totoka mā te haukū me te whakatōtika jet, e aukati ana i te whakarerekētanga me te hinga o te hanganga o ngā nanofibers 3D. Hei whakamutunga, i whakawerahia te precursor aerogel ki te hau i te 1000℃ mō te 1h kia whiwhi ai i ngā ICCA.

Ki te whakatauritea ki te hanganga paparanga o ngā rauemi muka uku tuku iho me te hanganga mekameka pērara o te aerogel uku tuku iho, he hanganga nanofiber whatu-toru-ahu tō ngā ICCA, he pai tonu te pumau o te wera ahakoa i muri i te whakawera i te 1400℃. Heoi anō, ka taea te totoro me te here i ngā ICCA me te kore e kitea he whati. Me te mātotoru o te 6 mg/cm3 me te taumaha o te 0.06 karamu, ka taea e ngā ICCA te tu atu ki te 3,300 ngā wā o tōna ake taumaha me te kore e whati.

He tino pai te ngāwari o ngā ICCA ki te kume, ki te ātete ki te ngenge, me te ngāwari hoki. Ka taea te totoro mai i te āhua tīmatanga ki te 100% te taumahatanga kume me te kore e whati, ā, ko te taumahatanga whati kume he 12.7kpa. Ka taea e ngā ICCA te tu atu ki te 1000 huringa tuku-kume i te 40% taumahatanga; Ina 5% te taumahatanga wiri, ka noho tonu te modulus rokiroki pūngao, te modulus ngaronga me te ōwehenga whakamātao i muri i te 100,000 wā o te totoro. Whai muri i te tunu i te 1300℃ mō te 1 hāora, i whakaatu tonu ngā ICCA i te ngāwari me te taumahatanga kume pai tae atu ki te 48.3%.

He iti te kawe wera, he nui te totoro me te ngāwari, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā ICCA hei rauemi whakamahana i roto i ngā taiao tino kino, ā, he māmā noa iho te whakarite. Ka taea te whakarite tere me te ngāwari i roto i te haora kotahi mā te tipu whakamātautau i roto i te whare whakamātautau, te mea hanga ki te nanofiber uku, he 170 cm te roa, he 130 cm te whānui, he 12 cm te teitei, ā, he 313 karamu te taumaha.

He tino māmā ngā āhuatanga o ngā ICCA, he ārai wera, he pakari te pumau o te hanganga, he ātete ki te kume me te ngenge, ā, he mea whai hua pea mō ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro, ngā pūnaha tiaki wera o ngā waka mokowhiti me ngā taputapu hiko ngāwari hei mau. I whakaputaina ngā mahi e pā ana ki roto i te Nature ko "Direct synthesis of highly stretchable ceramic nanofibrous Aerogels via 3D reaction electrospinning" Communications.