Kua huraina e NASA ētahi o ana kākahu mokowhiti hou e rua - te kākahu mō te marama me te kākahu mō Orion - hei whakarite mō te taunga ki te marama i te tau 2024 me te tūhuratanga o Tāwhirimātea a meake nei.

Kākahu Marama

Ko te kākahu marama o te Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit, XEMU rānei. E whakamahi ana i te whero, kikorangi, mā, e toru ngā tae, ā, i mua i te whakamahinga o ngā kākahu ātea Apollo mā, i puta mai he rerekētanga tae. E WHAKAMAHI ana te kākahu marama hou i tētahi whāriki i te hope e āhei ai ngā kairangi ki te hanga i ngā takahuri nui ake, ngāwari ake, inā koa kāore e pā ki te piko, te tūpeke me ētahi atu nekehanga. Ko te tikanga ka ngāwari ake ngā kairangi i te wā e whakamātautau ana i te mata o te marama ā muri ake nei. Hei tāpiri, ka nui ake te whānuitanga o ngā nekehanga pakihiwi o te kākahu hou, ā, ka taea e ngā kairangi te hiki ake i ō rātou ringa ki runga ake i ō rātou mahunga, he mea kāore i taea e ngā kākahu o mua.

I taua wā anō, hei whakatau i te raruraru puehu marama, kua hiritia katoatia te kākahu mokowhiti hou ki ngā taputapu tika hou - te taputapu whitiki hope - hei ārai i te urunga mai o te puehu. I taua wā anō, ka whakamahia hoki te rauemi ātete puehu hou hei whakapai ake i te hoahoa ātete puehu o te kākahu katoa, ahakoa ki roto i ngā hononga iti, kia kore ai e uru te puehu ki roto i te nuinga o te wā.

Te kākahu rere o Orion

Ko te Pūnaha Ora o te Orion Crew, e mōhiotia ana ko te Pūnaha Ora o te Orion Crew, he tae karaka kanapa, he iti ake, he māmā ake te āhua, ā, he putanga hou o te Pūnaha Rererangi ā-Motu. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te Pūnaha Rererangi o Orion e whai ake nei: (1) ka taea e ia te whakarato i te hau ki te 8 hāora, me te 1 hāora o te wā whakaora ohorere; (2) ka whakarato i te aratau hāora parakore 100%, e āhei ai ngā kairangi ki te mahi tonu; (3) mēnā he āhuatanga tino kino, pērā i te korehau, te tata korehau rānei, ka taea e ngā pūnaha Orion te whakarato i te taiao haumaru me te pēhanga ki ngā kairangi mō te ono rā.

Mō te whanaketanga o ngā kākahu mokowhiti

Ina hoki, i rangahauhia ngā kākahu mokowhiti i mua i te taunga ki te marama o Apollo. He pūnaha tino uaua te kākahu mokowhiti, he rite ki tētahi waka mokowhiti iti. I tēnei wā, ko ngā hua muka matua e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā kākahu mokowhiti ko ngaiaku He papanga whatu miro, he papanga nairona pania ki te PU, he papanga nairona pania ki te neoprene me te polytetrafluoroethylene, he hua muka Kevlar® me Nomex®. Hei tiaki i ngā kairangi moana mai i te hikoi i waho o te kāpūru, he 21 ngā paparanga papanga o te kākahu Apollo month, he huinga o ngā wāhanga ngohengohe me ngā wāhanga pakari hei tautoko, hei nekehanga me te whakamarie.

Ki te whakatauritea ki te hūtu Apollo mō te marama, ko te hūtu ndx-1 o te whakatupuranga hou a NASA mō Mars he mea hanga mai i te 350 ngā rauemi, tae atu ki te Kevlar® me te muka waro, ā, he tino māmā, me te matotoru o te 4.8mm, ka taea te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga taiao tino kino.

Ahakoa kua pai ake te whakaiti taumaha me te ngāwari o te kākahu ātea ndx-1, he huinga hanganga ngāwari me te hanganga pakari. I runga i tēnei, kua hangaia e te tīma a Dava Newman i te whare wānanga hangarau o Massachusetts (MIT) tētahi putanga māmā ake o te "kiri tuarua" o te kākahu ātea o Mars, ko te BioSuitTM. Ko te āhuatanga nui o te pūnaha kākahu ātea kei roto i te ranunga o te koranu mahara, te rauemi rapa kore mahi me ngā rauemi hurihuri hiko, mā te whakamahi i te pēhanga o te rārangi pakari-haurua kua mau ki runga i ngā kākahu piri ngāwari i hangaia mai i te pēhanga whakamuri, hei whakakapi i te kākahu ātea tuku iho e hiahiatia ana he paparanga whakawhāiti pēhanga pupuhi taumaha, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te taumaha me te whakapai ake i te ngāwari.

Nā te mea he maha ngā mahi tūhuratanga i waho o te waka i te wā o te teihana mokowhiti, ehara i te mea ko te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga hou o ngā kākahu mokowhiti o te heke mai i te taiao mokowhiti hou, engari ko te whakaiti i te taumaha o ngā kākahu mokowhiti, te whakanui ake i te ngāwari, kia pai ake ai te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau tūhuratanga mokowhiti.

Mō ētahi atu kōrero, tēnā whakarongo mai ki te rangahau motuhake mō te "tūnga whanaketanga me te tirohanga ia o ngā kakahu rererangi" i roto i te putanga motuhake o te tau 2018 o ngā kakahu ahumahi i whakaputaina e te textile guide.